Understanding Narrow Angle Glaucoma: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Introduction

Narrow Angle Glaucoma, also known as closed-angle glaucoma or angle-closure glaucoma, is a serious eye condition that requires immediate attention. In this post, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, and available treatments for narrow-angle glaucoma. Whether you’re seeking information for yourself or someone you know, understanding this condition is essential for preserving vision and eye health.

Narrow Angle Glaucoma

What is Narrow Angle Glaucoma?

Narrow Angle Glaucoma is a type of glaucoma caused by a sudden blockage of fluid drainage in the eye, leading to an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP). Unlike open-angle glaucoma, where the drainage channels gradually become clogged, narrow-angle glaucoma has a rapid onset and demands urgent medical intervention. If left untreated, it can result in severe and irreversible vision loss.

Causes of Narrow Angle Glaucoma:

The primary cause of narrow-angle glaucoma is the narrowing or closure of the angle between the cornea and iris in the eye. This can be triggered by various factors, including:

  1. Age: Individuals over the age of 40 are at a higher risk of developing narrow-angle glaucoma.

  2. Family History: Having a family history of glaucoma increases the likelihood of developing this condition.

  3. Ethnicity: Certain ethnic groups, such as Asians, have a higher predisposition to narrow-angle glaucoma.

  4. Hyperopia (Farsightedness): People with hyperopia have a shallower anterior chamber, which may increase the risk of angle closure.

Symptoms of Narrow Angle Glaucoma:

Recognizing the symptoms of narrow-angle glaucoma is crucial for early detection and prompt treatment. Common signs include:

  1. Severe eye pain
  2. Headaches
  3. Blurred or hazy vision
  4. Halos around lights
  5. Redness in the eye
  6. Nausea and vomiting

It’s important to note that narrow-angle glaucoma can occur suddenly and progress rapidly, leading to a “glaucoma attack” or acute angle-closure crisis. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.

Treatment Options:

Timely treatment is essential to prevent vision loss and manage narrow-angle glaucoma effectively. The main treatment options include:

  1. Medications: Eye drops or oral medications may be prescribed to reduce intraocular pressure and alleviate symptoms.

  2. Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI): This outpatient procedure uses a laser to create a small hole in the iris, allowing fluid to flow freely and relieving pressure.

  3. Trabeculectomy: In more severe cases, a surgical procedure may be necessary to create a drainage channel and lower eye pressure.

Prevention

While some risk factors for narrow-angle glaucoma are beyond our control, there are preventive measures that individuals can take to reduce their risk:

  1. Regular Eye Exams: Routine eye check-ups can help detect glaucoma early and prevent complications.

  2. Know Your Family History: If glaucoma runs in your family, inform your eye care professional to monitor your eye health more closely.

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